[automated] update transfemscience

transfemscience.org/feed-posts.xml

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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" ><generator uri="https://jekyllrb.com/" version="3.9.3">Jekyll</generator><link href="https://transfemscience.org/feed-posts.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" /><link href="https://transfemscience.org/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" /><updated>2023-08-24T16:05:14-07:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/feed-posts.xml</id><title type="html">Transfeminine Science</title><subtitle>Transfeminine Science is a site for information on hormone therapy for transfeminine people.</subtitle><author><name>Transfeminine Science</name></author></feed>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" ><generator uri="https://jekyllrb.com/" version="3.9.3">Jekyll</generator><link href="https://transfemscience.org/feed-posts.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" /><link href="https://transfemscience.org/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" /><updated>2023-10-17T14:30:18-07:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/feed-posts.xml</id><title type="html">Transfeminine Science</title><subtitle>Transfeminine Science is a site for information on hormone therapy for transfeminine people.</subtitle><author><name>Transfeminine Science</name></author></feed>

transfemscience.org/feed.xml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" ><generator uri="https://jekyllrb.com/" version="3.9.3">Jekyll</generator><link href="https://transfemscience.org/feed.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" /><link href="https://transfemscience.org/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" /><updated>2023-08-24T16:05:14-07:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/feed.xml</id><title type="html">Transfeminine Science | Articles</title><subtitle>Transfeminine Science is a site for information on hormone therapy for transfeminine people.</subtitle><author><name>Transfeminine Science</name></author><entry><title type="html">Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth</title><link href="https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth" /><published>2022-01-30T15:04:00-08:00</published><updated>2022-01-31T00:00:00-08:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers/">&lt;h1 id=&quot;puberty-blockers-a-review-of-gnrh-analogues-in-transgender-youth&quot;&gt;Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth&lt;/h1&gt;
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" ><generator uri="https://jekyllrb.com/" version="3.9.3">Jekyll</generator><link href="https://transfemscience.org/feed.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" /><link href="https://transfemscience.org/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" /><updated>2023-10-17T14:30:18-07:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/feed.xml</id><title type="html">Transfeminine Science | Articles</title><subtitle>Transfeminine Science is a site for information on hormone therapy for transfeminine people.</subtitle><author><name>Transfeminine Science</name></author><entry><title type="html">Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth</title><link href="https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth" /><published>2022-01-30T15:04:00-08:00</published><updated>2022-01-31T00:00:00-08:00</updated><id>https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://transfemscience.org/articles/puberty-blockers/">&lt;h1 id=&quot;puberty-blockers-a-review-of-gnrh-analogues-in-transgender-youth&quot;&gt;Puberty Blockers: A Review of GnRH Analogues in Transgender Youth&lt;/h1&gt;
 
 &lt;!-- Supports up to four authors per article currently (author, author2, author3, author4) --&gt;
 
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ Using the term desistence in this way does not imply anything about the identity
 
 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the polymeric ester polyestradiol phosphate appears to produce around 6- to 7-fold lower area-under-the-curve and average estradiol levels than non-polymeric estradiol esters. This suggests that the estradiol in polyestradiol phosphate is not 100% bioavailable, and is supported by the fact that this ester is used clinically at substantially higher dosages than other injectable estradiol esters (40–320 mg/month), even for the same indications such as menopausal hormone therapy and treatment of prostate cancer (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyestradiol_phosphate#Medical_uses&quot;&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20180102072958/http://pharmanovia.com/product/estradurin/&quot;&gt;Estradurin Labels&lt;/a&gt;). This does not seem to have been previously described in the literature, and the reasons for it are unknown. It seems possible that polyestradiol phosphate may be partially &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excretion&quot;&gt;excreted&lt;/a&gt; before it can be cleaved into estradiol and thereby rendered partly &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_activity&quot;&gt;inactive&lt;/a&gt;, in turn necessitating the use of higher doses to achieve the same estradiol levels and therapeutic effect.&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Although two given injectable estradiol preparations may produce equivalent total estradiol levels, this does not necessarily mean that they will always have the same estrogenic &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potency_(pharmacology)&quot;&gt;potency&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., strength of effect at a given dose). It is plausible that spikier estradiol concentration–time curves, like with estradiol benzoate, may have overall lower estrogenic potency than more steady curves, like with estradiol enanthate. This is because &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_receptor&quot;&gt;estrogen receptors&lt;/a&gt; for a given &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_(biology)&quot;&gt;tissue&lt;/a&gt; should become &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_saturation&quot;&gt;saturated&lt;/a&gt; at a certain point due to the finite quantity of available &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)&quot;&gt;receptors&lt;/a&gt; in the tissue. As a result, high peak estradiol levels with spikier curves may effectively be “wasted” to varying extents in different tissues. On the other hand, more spikey estradiol curves, due to higher peak estradiol levels, might have greater influence on tissues that require high estradiol levels for effect such as the liver (and by extension on coagulation and associated health risks) (&lt;a href=&quot;/articles/estrogens-blood-clots/&quot;&gt;Aly, 2020&lt;/a&gt;). However, these possibilities are speculative and thereotical. Although some literature exists that is relevant to this issue (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0310579&quot;&gt;Parkes, 1937&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)31145-1&quot;&gt;Bradbury, Long, &amp;amp; Durham, 1953&lt;/a&gt;), there is very little research in this area. Consequently, it is not currently possible to take into account time-related variations in estradiol levels or differing estradiol curve shapes when assessing the comparative estrogenic potency between injectable estradiol preparations (or between other estradiol forms/routes). It is also noteworthy that these variations depend on injection interval and may be reduced with shorter injection intervals that maintain steadier estradiol levels, which must also be considered.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Although two given injectable estradiol preparations may produce equivalent total estradiol levels, this does not necessarily mean that they will always have the same estrogenic &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potency_(pharmacology)&quot;&gt;potency&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., strength of effect at a given dose). It is plausible that spikier estradiol concentration–time curves, like with estradiol benzoate, may have overall lower estrogenic potency than more steady curves, like with estradiol enanthate. This is because &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_receptor&quot;&gt;estrogen receptors&lt;/a&gt; for a given &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_(biology)&quot;&gt;tissue&lt;/a&gt; should become &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_saturation&quot;&gt;saturated&lt;/a&gt; at a certain point due to the finite quantity of available &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)&quot;&gt;receptors&lt;/a&gt; in the tissue. As a result, high peak estradiol levels with spikier curves may effectively be “wasted” to varying extents in different tissues. On the other hand, more spikey estradiol curves, due to higher peak estradiol levels, might have greater influence on tissues that require high estradiol levels for effect such as the liver (and by extension on coagulation and associated health risks) (&lt;a href=&quot;/articles/estrogens-blood-clots/&quot;&gt;Aly, 2020&lt;/a&gt;). However, these possibilities are speculative and theoretical. Although some literature exists that is relevant to this issue (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0310579&quot;&gt;Parkes, 1937&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)31145-1&quot;&gt;Bradbury, Long, &amp;amp; Durham, 1953&lt;/a&gt;), there is very little research in this area. Consequently, it is not currently possible to take into account time-related variations in estradiol levels or differing estradiol curve shapes when assessing the comparative estrogenic potency between injectable estradiol preparations (or between other estradiol forms/routes). It is also noteworthy that these variations depend on injection interval and may be reduced with shorter injection intervals that maintain steadier estradiol levels, which must also be considered.&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;h3 id=&quot;variability-between-individuals&quot;&gt;Variability Between Individuals&lt;/h3&gt;